ABAP – Page 4 – Saptechnicalguru.com

Sending hyperlink in email with ABAP code

This blog will explain the ABAP code you can use to send an email from SAP system which is in HTML format including hyperlink.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are:

Which basis settings do I need to make for HTML mail format sending?
What code snippets can I re-use to send a hyperlink in an email from my custom ABAP program?

Basis settings for HTML mail

In order to be able to send an mail with a hyperlink the mail must have HTML format.

First check this table entry exists in table SXCONVERT2:

If not create it.

Now go to transaction SCOT and set the output format of RAW to HTM:

Save the settings.

ABAP code to mail hyperlink

The ABAP code to mail is as follows:

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report zemail_cl_bcs
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
  REPORT  zemail_cl_bcs.

  CONSTANTS:
    gc_subject TYPE so_obj_des VALUE 'ABAP Email with CL_BCS',
    gc_raw     TYPE char03 VALUE 'HTM'.

  DATA:
    gv_mlrec         TYPE so_obj_nam,
    gv_sent_to_all   TYPE os_boolean,
    gv_email         TYPE adr6-smtp_addr,
    gv_subject       TYPE so_obj_des,
    gv_text          TYPE bcsy_text,
    zls_text         TYPE soli,
    xhtml_string     TYPE xstring,
    gr_send_request  TYPE REF TO cl_bcs,
    gr_bcs_exception TYPE REF TO cx_bcs,
    gr_recipient     TYPE REF TO if_recipient_bcs,
    gr_sender        TYPE REF TO cl_sapuser_bcs,
    t_hex            TYPE solix_tab,
    gr_document      TYPE REF TO cl_document_bcs.

  DATA: zlv_longstring_message TYPE string.
  DATA: zlt_et_soli TYPE soli_tab.
  DATA: zls_et_soli TYPE soli.

  TRY.
      "Create send request
      gr_send_request = cl_bcs=>create_persistent( ).

      "Email FROM...
      gr_sender = cl_sapuser_bcs=>create( sy-uname ).
      "Add sender to send request
      CALL METHOD gr_send_request->set_sender
        EXPORTING
          i_sender = gr_sender.

      "Email TO...
      gv_email = 'guru@saptechnicalguru.com'.
      gr_recipient = cl_cam_address_bcs=>create_internet_address( gv_email ).
      "Add recipient to send request
      CALL METHOD gr_send_request->add_recipient
        EXPORTING
          i_recipient = gr_recipient
          i_express   = 'X'.

      CONCATENATE '<html><strong>Decission needed</strong><br/><br/>'
      '<tr><th style="color:blue;">Approval item</th>'
      '<a href=https://server:port/sap/bc/ui2/flp#WorkflowTask-displayInbox?allItems'
      '=true&/detail/XXX999_PGW/000000226597/TaskCollection(SAP__Origin=&#39;XXX999_PGW&#39;,InstanceID=&#39;000000226597&#39;)> click here to decide 000000226597</a>'

                   INTO zlv_longstring_message.

      CONCATENATE zlv_longstring_message '</html>' INTO zlv_longstring_message.

      CALL FUNCTION 'SCMS_STRING_TO_XSTRING'
        EXPORTING
          text   = zlv_longstring_message
        IMPORTING
          buffer = xhtml_string
        EXCEPTIONS
          failed = 1
          OTHERS = 2.

      CALL FUNCTION 'SCMS_XSTRING_TO_BINARY'
        EXPORTING
          buffer     = xhtml_string
        TABLES
          binary_tab = t_hex.

      gr_document = cl_document_bcs=>create_document(
                      i_type    = gc_raw
                      i_hex    = t_hex
                      i_length  = '1200'
                      i_subject = gc_subject ).
      "Add document to send request
      CALL METHOD gr_send_request->set_document( gr_document ).

* set send immediately flag
      gr_send_request->set_send_immediately( 'X' ).
      "Send email
      CALL METHOD gr_send_request->send(
        EXPORTING
          i_with_error_screen = 'X'
        RECEIVING
          result              = gv_sent_to_all ).
      IF gv_sent_to_all = 'X'.
        WRITE 'Email sent!'.
      ENDIF.

      "Commit to send email
      COMMIT WORK.

      "Exception handling
    CATCH cx_bcs INTO gr_bcs_exception.
      WRITE:
        'Error!',
        'Error type:',
        gr_bcs_exception->error_type.
  ENDTRY.

The end result is as follows in the mail:

The hyperlink in the mail jumps to the URL, which in this case is the URL link to this specific workflow item in the FIORI inbox.

The coding explained

We use the CL_BCS class from SAP. BCS stands for Business Communication Service. This class provides all modern options to send mail. We set the sender and receiver.

We now build the mail in HTML. All is stored in zlv_longstring_message. We start with the <html> tag, and a header text in bold (strong). Then we add the text with the hyperlink (a href) in blue color.

The hyperlink towards the FIORi inbox contains ‘ characters. This does not convert well for all further on steps. So we replace ‘ instead the &#39 text. This &#39 text is the HTML character coding for an apostrophe (‘). In this way there is no misinterpretation at any browser.

At the end, we add the closing tag </html>. Now the HTML build up is ready and can be used to send.

The HTLM is converted via function modules SCMS_STRING_TO_XSTRING and SCMS_XSTRING_TO_BINARY to a binary. This binary is set as document with type HTM to the mail. The mail is then sent with immediate flag.

SO10 standard text

With transaction SO10 you can maintain standard texts. These texts can be used in SapScript, SmartForms and your own ABAP code.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are:

How to create a standard text in SO10?
How to set default editor for SO10?
How to transport SO10 standard texts?
How to call SO10 standard text in ABAP code?
How to insert hyperlink into SO10 text?

Create standard text

Start transaction SO10, enter the text name and press the create button:

Now enter the text in the editor and save it:

Transporting standard texts

After saving the standard text the tool just saves the text without prompting for transport. This is as designed. The text can be maintained directly in production this way. Either by IT or even by business users.

If you do want to transport the standard texts, use program RSTXTRAN to add the standard text to the transport:

Read standard text from ABAP code

You can read the standard text from your own ABAP code by calling function module READ_TEXT

Example code:

DATA: IT_TLINES type table of TLINE.

REFRESH IT_TLINES.

CALL FUNCTION 'READ_TEXT'
      EXPORTING
*       CLIENT                        = SY-MANDT
        ID                            = 'ST'
        LANGUAGE                      = 'E'
        NAME                          = 'Z_DEMO_TEXT'
        OBJECT                        = 'TEXT'
*       ARCHIVE_HANDLE                = 0
*       LOCAL_CAT                     = ' '
*     IMPORTING
*       HEADER                        =
      TABLES
        LINES                         =  IT_TLINES
*     EXCEPTIONS
*       ID                            = 1
*       LANGUAGE                      = 2
*       NAME                          = 3
*       NOT_FOUND                     = 4
*       OBJECT                        = 5
*       REFERENCE_CHECK               = 6
*       WRONG_ACCESS_TO_ARCHIVE       = 7
*       OTHERS                        = 8.

Inserting graphic in SO10

Follow the instructions in OSS note 2918753 – How to insert graphic in SO10.

Inserting hyperlink in SO10

First create hypertext in transaction SO72. Select type CHAP:

In SO10 now select the menu option Insert / Text / Hypertext:

Hyperlink is now inserted into SO10:

Changing the editor

Many people don’t like the word tool as editor. It is not precise enough. You can run program RSCPSETEDITOR to change the setting for everybody:

Untick the MS word as editor and press the Activate button.

Relevant OSS notes:

Check custom code for use of unreleased SAP objects

Custom code can use standard SAP code and SAP objects. Some of these objects might technically exist, but are in an unreleased status. This might mean SAP will not give support on them, or might remove them in a future upgrade.

Also when you want to move to the BTP ABAP cloud, you cannot use the unreleased code.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are:

How can I scan my custom code for use of unreleased standard SAP objects?

Tool preparation

First install the program SYCM_UPLOAD_RELEASED_OBJECTS by applying OSS notes 2989803 – Check Usage of Released Objects with the Latest List of Released Objects and 3143521 – Check for Released Objects: Introduce Finding “Usage of API that will not be released”.

And download the attached file in the same note in the attachments section;

Now run program SYCM_UPLOAD_RELEASED_OBJECTS and upload the file to a new SCI variant:

After the upload, you will find this new variant SAP_CP_READINESS_REMOTE in SCI:

ATC run for unreleased code

Now you can start new ATC run with this newly created variant SAP_CP_READINESS_REMOTE:

Run the variant for you custom code (can take few hours).

Result can be shown as special whitelist item:

ABAP code to write to application log

The SLG1 application log is a powerful mechanism to support team in SAP systems.

This blog will explain how you can write to the application log in your own custom ABAP code using ABAP code below.

It is recommended to create one single SE24 ABAP class for the application log that can be re-used in all your custom code.

Instantiation method

First method to create is the instantiation method:

   DATA: zls_log        TYPE bal_s_log,
         zlt_log_handle TYPE bal_t_logh,
         zlt_message    TYPE bal_t_msg. 

      zls_log-object     = ziv_object.
      zls_log-subobject  = ziv_subobj.
      zls_log-extnumber  = ziv_extnumber.
      zls_log-aluser     = sy-uname.
      zls_log-alprog     = sy-repid.


 CALL FUNCTION 'BAL_LOG_CREATE'
      EXPORTING
        i_s_log                 = zis_log
      IMPORTING
        e_log_handle            = zgv_log_handle
      EXCEPTIONS
        log_header_inconsistent = 1
        OTHERS                  = 2.

As input you have to give SLG1 object name and sub object name. You can re-use existing or create new custom one in transaction SLG0.

Now you have a log handler.

Add the messages

Now you can add a method to add one or more messages, re-using the log handler:

zls_msg      TYPE bal_s_msg,

      CALL FUNCTION 'BAL_LOG_MSG_ADD'
        EXPORTING
          i_log_handle     = zgv_log_handle
          i_s_msg          = zls_msg
        EXCEPTIONS
          log_not_found    = 1
          msg_inconsistent = 2
          log_is_full      = 3
          OTHERS           = 4.

Save the log

Create a method for saving the application log, again re-using the log handle:

    CALL FUNCTION 'BAL_DB_SAVE'
      EXPORTING
        i_t_log_handle   = zlt_log_handle
      EXCEPTIONS
        log_not_found    = 1
        save_not_allowed = 2
        numbering_error  = 3
        OTHERS           = 4.

Set up once and re-use

Set up the application logging helper class once in SE24 and tell all your developers to re-use it. You might find out that you developer already used the function modules above a lot in their Z code. This can be found with the ABAP code scanner tool. Check case by case when it makes sense to swap to the central helper class.

New Z application log objects

Using transaction SLG0 you can set up custom application log objects and sub-objects.

ABAP editor lock

ABAP programs can be protected from changes by setting the editor lock. Only do this for very critical programs.

This blog will primarily focus on methods to remove the editor lock.

Editor lock

The editor lock is set on the properties of an ABAP program:

The property to set is the Editor Lock tickbox.

When this is set only the author can change the program.

Change user for editor lock

In some cases you have a valid reason to lift the editor lock. If the person has left, or you need to change the program for bug fixing emergency and you can’t wait until the owner is back.

Change editor lock via SE03

As basis administrator you can change the owner of the editor lock in transaction SE03:

Change via SU01 usage

When person left: alter the password for this user in SU01. Log on as this user and remove the editor lock.

Via table editing of table PROGDIR

Goto table PROGDIR and view the content (via SE11). Search for your program and edit the entry:

Remove the EDTX flag and save. Editor lock is gone.

Via program

You can use Z program below to remove the lock:

REPORT  zedit_lock_remove.

TABLES: trdir.

PARAMETERS: p_prog LIKE trdir-name OBLIGATORY.

START-OF-SELECTION.
  SELECT SINGLE * FROM trdir WHERE name = p_prog.

  IF sy-subrc = 0.
    IF trdir-edtx = 'X'.
      MOVE ' ' TO trdir-edtx.
      MODIFY trdir.
      WRITE: /'Editor Lock was removed from', p_prog.
    ELSE.
      WRITE: /'Program', p_prog, 'does not have an Editor Lock'.
    ENDIF.
  ELSE.
    WRITE: /'No match found for program', p_prog.
  ENDIF.

SE95 modification overview

Transaction SE95 can be used to get an overview of modifications in your SAP system.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are:

What is the definition of a modification?
How can I list all modifications in my system?
How can I make a download of all the modifications in my system?
How can I filter on real modifications and exclude the modifications caused by OSS notes?

Definition of modifications

This is the most tricky question: how many modifications are in your system? A question that will be asked to you every now and then. The answer can very between a very small number and a very large number. Even with the same system. This is because the way SAP is measuring modifications. OSS notes applied count as modifications. Classical user exits like MV45AFZF also count as modifications. Condition records (VOFM routines starting with RV) also count as modifications. But you can still consider the system as 100% standard.

Real modifications are only those where the customer willingly changed the SAP coding and its functionality, which is not based on an instructions from an OSS note.

In many cases with discussion on system quality, the number of modifications is misused! Be careful to check how your analysis figures will be used.

Modification browser

Start transaction SE95 to reach the modification browser initial screen:

You can now see the SE95 result list:

You can drill down based on the objects.

For a view per package, check the Packages display option on the first screen:

Listing for download

SE95 has a major setback: the list is very hard to export. The modifications are stored in database view SMODIDEVC (which is a view on SMODILOG and TADIR).

From here do select only the MOD (modifcations):

The resulting output list can be easily downloaded into an excel format.

SE95 OSS notes

2971944 – Resetting program modifications in SE95 also resets SAP Note corrections

RFC connections with fast serialization

Fast serialization is an option in the RFC settings to increase performance.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are:

What is required to use RFC fast serialization?
When to use RFC fast serialization?
How can I switch to fast serialization without touching the RFC in SM59?
How do I make the settings for RFC fast serialization?

Fast serialization

Fast serialization is available since release Basis 7.51. Downport might be possible, but think twice if you want to do this. Background OSS note on fast serialization is 2372888 – Fast serialization in RFC.

The whole goal of fast serialization is simply to increase the performance.

The fast serialization option is set in the RFC destination on the tab Special Options at the bottom:

Note that in S4HANA destination NONE is using fast serialization by default. Keep it that way.

Switching to fast serialization without touching SM59

In SM59 when you touch the RFC it might request you to re-enter the password. You can still switch the existing RFC without touching SM59. The instruction is in OSS note 2315100 – Activation of new RFC serialization on client side. Run program SFASTRFCMAINTENANCE:

When to use fast serialization

Fast serialization can be used when both the sender and receiver side of the RFC connection supports it.

Fast serialization in custom or standard RFC function modules

In SE37 SAP can set an RFC enabled function module Interface Contract to Fast serialization required. If you have build custom RFC function module that also only works with Fast serialization you should set this option:

Bug fix OSS notes

3315843 – Shortdump when using fast serialization for t/qRFC

SAP tutorial navigator

SAP and senior developers have set up quite a lot of nice tutorials. The tutorials are very good in explaining a how to execute a specific development or basis task. There are many tutorials on the SAP cloud products which can be new for a lot of ABAP and basis persons.

The SAP tutorial navigator is a good starting point exploring the tutorials.

Questions that will be answered in this blog are: